40 - Zirconium transition metal
Discovered by Martin Klaproth in 1789
Zirconium is a chemical element with symbol Zr and atomic number 40. The name of zirconium is taken from the name of the mineral zircon, the most important source of zirconium. The word zircon comes from the Persian word zargun زرگون, meaning "gold-colored".
H He Li Be B C N O F Ne Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe Cs Ba La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn Fr Ra Ac Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Nh Fl Mc Lv Ts Og
57-71 La-Lu Lanthanides
89-103 Ac-Lr Actinides
| Shell | Electrons | Orbitals |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 2 in 1s |
| 2 | 8 | 2 in 2s + 6 in 2p |
| 3 | 18 | 2 in 3s + 6 in 3p + 10 in 3d |
| 4 | 10 | 2 in 4s + 6 in 4p + 2 in 4d |
| 5 | 2 | 2 in 5s |
91.2 u Atomic Mass
2.2 Å Atomic Radius
4.68k K Boiling Point
1.75 Å Covalent Radius
6.52 g/cm³ Density
41.8 Electron Affinity
1.33 Electronegativity
6.63 eV First Ionization Energy
2.13k K Melting Point
5 Number of Shells
40 Atomic Number
2, 8, 18, 10, 2 Electron Shell Occupations