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14 - Silicon metalloid

Discovered by Jöns Jacob Berzelius in 1824

Silicon

Silicon is a chemical element with symbol Si and atomic number 14. It is a tetravalent metalloid, more reactive than germanium, the metalloid directly below it in the table. Controversy about silicon's character dates to its discovery.

Shell Electrons Orbitals
1 2 2 in 1s
2 8 2 in 2s + 6 in 2p
3 4 2 in 3s + 2 in 3p
SiliconSi Electron 1 Electron 2 Electron 1 Electron 2 Electron 3 Electron 4 Electron 5 Electron 6 Electron 7 Electron 8 Electron 1 Electron 2 Electron 3 Electron 4
28.1  u Atomic Mass
1.5  Å Atomic Radius
3.54k  K Boiling Point
1.11  Å Covalent Radius
2.33  g/cm³ Density
134 Electron Affinity
1.9 Electronegativity
8.15  eV First Ionization Energy
1.68k  K Melting Point
3 Number of Shells
4 Electron Valency
14 Atomic Number
2, 8, 4 Electron Shell Occupations
0.705  J/(g K) Specific Heat