16 - Sulfur polyatomic nonmetal
Discovered by Ancient china in 1809
Sulfur or sulphur (see spelling differences) is a chemical element with symbol S and atomic number 16. It is an abundant, multivalent non-metal. Under normal conditions, sulfur atoms form cyclic octatomic molecules with chemical formula S8.
H He Li Be B C N O F Ne Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe Cs Ba La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn Fr Ra Ac Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Nh Fl Mc Lv Ts Og
57-71 La-Lu Lanthanides
89-103 Ac-Lr Actinides
| Shell | Electrons | Orbitals |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 2 in 1s |
| 2 | 8 | 2 in 2s + 6 in 2p |
| 3 | 6 | 2 in 3s + 4 in 3p |
32.1 u Atomic Mass
1.1 Å Atomic Radius
718 K Boiling Point
1.05 Å Covalent Radius
2.07 g/cm³ Density
200 Electron Affinity
2.58 Electronegativity
10.4 eV First Ionization Energy
389 K Melting Point
3 Number of Shells
6 Electron Valency
16 Atomic Number
2, 8, 6 Electron Shell Occupations
0.71 J/(g K) Specific Heat