23 - Vanadium transition metal
Discovered by Andrés Manuel del Río in 1801
Vanadium is a chemical element with symbol V and atomic number 23. It is a hard, silvery grey, ductile and malleable transition metal. The element is found only in chemically combined form in nature, but once isolated artificially, the formation of an oxide layer stabilizes the free metal somewhat against further oxidation.
H He Li Be B C N O F Ne Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe Cs Ba La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn Fr Ra Ac Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Nh Fl Mc Lv Ts Og
57-71 La-Lu Lanthanides
89-103 Ac-Lr Actinides
| Shell | Electrons | Orbitals |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 2 in 1s |
| 2 | 8 | 2 in 2s + 6 in 2p |
| 3 | 11 | 2 in 3s + 6 in 3p + 3 in 3d |
| 4 | 2 | 2 in 4s |
50.9 u Atomic Mass
1.9 Å Atomic Radius
3.68k K Boiling Point
1.53 Å Covalent Radius
6 g/cm³ Density
50.9 Electron Affinity
1.63 Electronegativity
6.75 eV First Ionization Energy
2.18k K Melting Point
4 Number of Shells
23 Atomic Number
2, 8, 11, 2 Electron Shell Occupations