50 - Tin post-transition metal
Discovered by before 3500 BC in ~3500 BC
Tin is a chemical element with the symbol Sn (for Latin:stannum) and atomic number 50. It is a main group metal in group 14 of the periodic table. Tin shows a chemical similarity to both neighboring group-14 elements, germanium and lead, and has two possible oxidation states, +2 and the slightly more stable +4.
H He Li Be B C N O F Ne Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe Cs Ba La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn Fr Ra Ac Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Nh Fl Mc Lv Ts Og
57-71 La-Lu Lanthanides
89-103 Ac-Lr Actinides
| Shell | Electrons | Orbitals |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 2 in 1s |
| 2 | 8 | 2 in 2s + 6 in 2p |
| 3 | 18 | 2 in 3s + 6 in 3p + 10 in 3d |
| 4 | 18 | 2 in 4s + 6 in 4p + 10 in 4d |
| 5 | 4 | 2 in 5s + 2 in 5p |
119 u Atomic Mass
1.7 Å Atomic Radius
2.88k K Boiling Point
1.39 Å Covalent Radius
7.37 g/cm³ Density
107 Electron Affinity
1.96 Electronegativity
7.34 eV First Ionization Energy
505 K Melting Point
5 Number of Shells
4 Electron Valency
50 Atomic Number
2, 8, 18, 18, 4 Electron Shell Occupations
0.228 J/(g K) Specific Heat